Fixed bed catalyst evaluation device

1、 Device Overview

The fixed bed catalyst evaluation device is equipped with two air inlet paths and one liquid inlet path. The air inlet path is precisely controlled by a gas mass flow controller, while the liquid inlet path is controlled by a precision metering pump. The device adopts a reactor with three different specifications, which can achieve different loading amounts of 100ml, 50ml, and 30ml, thus increasing the flexibility of experimental loading. The reactor is divided into a preheating section, a constant temperature section, and an insulation section. It is an open heating furnace that uses five temperature controls to ensure the stability of the constant temperature zone required for the reaction. The preheating section can achieve the preheating of raw materials, balance the heat dissipation of the constant temperature section to ensure the stability of the constant temperature zone, ensure that the catalyst reacts in a constant temperature zone, and balance the heat dissipation of the constant temperature section to ensure the stability of the constant temperature zone. The condensation separation system adopts automatic liquid level control and automatic gas discharge.

The device framework is constructed using standard aluminum alloy profiles.

The device is equipped with a multi-level associated protection system to ensure the safety of equipment and operators.

The device is suitable for evaluation and research under different experimental conditions, different feed rates, and different catalyst loading amounts.

2、 Main process parameters

Catalyst loading capacity: 100ml, 50ml, 30ml

H₂Gas flow rate: 0-500ml/min, control accuracy: ± 1%

N₂Gas flow rate: 0-500ml/min, control accuracy: ± 1%

Liquid feed rate: 0-10ml/min, control accuracy: ± 1%

Reaction pressure: 0-9Mpa, control accuracy: ± 1%

Design pressure: 10Mpa, control accuracy: ± 1%

Reaction temperature: room temperature -500 ℃, temperature control accuracy ± 1 ℃

Design temperature: 550 ℃, control accuracy: ± 1 ℃

3、 Device process operation instructions and component descriptions

The process flow of the device is detailed in the attached diagram.

The six major system components of the device process oil include gas feeding system, liquid feeding system, reaction system, condensation separation system, liquid level control and recovery system, and automatic exhaust emission and metering system.

1. Gas feeding system

The two gases are respectively hydrogen (H)₂）And nitrogen (N₂）The feeding method is as follows:

Hydrogen gas (H) entering the system through a two-way ball valve (HV-11)₂）After being filtered by the filter (F-11), the filtered gas is reduced to the target pressure by the pressure reducing valve (PCV-11), controlled and metered by the mass flow controller (FT/FV-11), and then enters the reaction system through the one-way valve (CK-11). The two-way ball valve (HV-14) and needle valve (HV-15) are bypass valves for the mass flow controller (FT/FV-11). The inlet pressure of the pressure reducing valve (PCV-11) is 0-6000psi, and the outlet pressure is adjustable from 0-1500psi. There are pressure gauges (PI-11) and (PI-12) at the inlet and outlet of the pressure reducing valve to measure pressure. Mass flow controller (FT/FV-11): control range 0-500ml/min, control accuracy: ± 1%

The nitrogen gas (N2) entering the system through the two-way ball valve (HV-21) is filtered by the filter (F-21). The filtered gas is reduced to the target pressure through the pressure reducing valve (PCV-21), controlled and metered by the mass flow controller (FT/FV-21), and then enters the reaction system through the one-way valve (CK-21). The two-way ball valve (HV-24) and needle valve (HV-25) are bypass valves for the mass flow controller (FT/FV-21). The inlet pressure of the pressure reducing valve (PCV-21) is 0-6000psi, and the outlet pressure is adjustable from 0-1500psi. The inlet and outlet of the pressure reducing valve are measured by pressure gauges (PI-21) and (PI-22). Mass flow controller (FT/FV-21): control range 0-500ml/min, control accuracy: ± 1%

Nitrogen can also be transported to the product tank (V-52) and raw material tank (V-31) for use through a two-way ball valve (HV-26), a pressure reducing valve (PCV-22), a two-way ball valve (HV-27), and a three-way ball valve (HV-31). The inlet pressure of the pressure reducing valve (PCV-22) is adjustable from 0-3500psi, and the outlet pressure is adjustable from 0-250psi. The inlet and outlet of the pressure reducing valve are measured by pressure gauges (PI-23) and (PI-24).

2. Liquid feeding system

The liquid raw material weighed by the electronic balance (WT-31) is filtered through the three-way ball valve (HV-32) and liquid filter (F-31) in the raw material tank (V-31), and then injected into the reaction system through the precision pump (p-31) at a certain flow rate through the three-way ball valve (HV-33) and one-way valve (CK-31). The electronic balance (WT-31) has a range of 30kg and an accuracy of 1g. The raw material tank (V-31) has a capacity of 3L and a pressure resistance of 2.5Mpa.

The precision metering pump is equipped with pressure upper limit protection and a safety valve (PSV-31) dual pressure protection to prevent damage to the precision metering pump after abnormal overpressure at the pump outlet. The precision metering pump has a flow control range of 0.001-12ml/min and a pressure of 6000psi.

3. Reaction system

After measurement, the gas and liquid phases enter the reactor (R-101) for catalytic reaction. The reaction temperature is heated by the reaction furnace (FRN-101) to ensure the reaction temperature.

A pressure transmitter (PI-101) is installed at the inlet of reactor (R-101) to measure the inlet pressure of the reactor, and a safety valve (PSV101) is installed to prevent the reactor pressure from exceeding the normal value. The device is equipped with three types of reactors for different amounts of catalyst filling. The inner diameters are 9mm, 12mm, and 16mm, respectively, and the effective length is 1000mm. They are used for filling catalyst volumes of 30ml, 50ml, and 100ml, respectively. Reactor operating temperature: room temperature -500 ℃, working pressure: 10MPa. The pressure transmitter has a range of 16Mpa and a measurement accuracy of 0.01Mpa.

The reaction furnace (FRN-101) is an open heating furnace with 5 temperature control stages, namely (TIC101), (TIC102), (TIC103), (TIC104), and (TIC105), with a temperature control range of room temperature -500 ℃. There is a temperature probe (TI106) inside the reactor. The temperature controller is programmed for temperature rise, with upper limit alarm function and solid-state relay output. The thermocouple is of type K.

The reactor outlet is designed with a sampling port, which samples through valves (HV-101) and (102) to ensure real-time sampling and analysis during the reaction process.

4. Condensation separation system

The product after the reactor reaction is cooled by the condenser (HE-41) and enters the gas-liquid separator (V-51) for gas-liquid separation. The product separated by the gas-liquid separator (V-51) is divided into two parts: gas phase and liquid phase.

According to the needs of the reaction, the inlet water of the condenser (HE-41) can be adjusted to control the final temperature of the condensed product.

5. Liquid level control and recovery system

The liquid level in the gas-liquid separator (V-51) is measured by a level gauge (LT-51) and regulated by a level control valve (LV-51). The liquid phase flowing out through the filter (F-51) and the liquid level regulating valve (LV-51) enters the product tank (V-52) and is weighed by an electronic balance (WT-51). The two-way ball valve (HV-55) and needle valve (HV-56) are bypass valves for the liquid level regulating valve (LV-51).

The electronic balance (WT-51) has a range of 30kg and an accuracy of 1g.

6. Automatic exhaust emission and metering system

The non condensable gas separated by the gas-liquid separator (V-51) is filtered by the gas filter (F-61) and then regulated by the digital pressure regulating valve (PCV-61) to ensure stable system pressure. The effluent gas is measured by the wet gas flow meter (WTM-61) and discharged for treatment. The sampling valve (HV-65) can perform real-time sampling. The two-way ball valve (HV-63) and needle valve (HV-64) are bypass valves for the digital pressure regulating valve (PCV-61).

The digital pressure regulating valve (PCV-61) regulates the pressure control range from 0-2500psi.

Gas flowmeter (WTM-61) flow measurement range 0-0.2m³/H.

4、 Security

The safe operation of the instrument involves the personal safety of the operator and the normal service life of the instrument. The manufacturer reminds the operator to pay attention to the following points:

*All types of instruments and computers must ensure correct power input and be equipped with automatic voltage stabilization protection devices.

*Ensure that all parts of the instrument have good grounding.

*The pressure of each part of the process manifold should not exceed the design pressure, especially not exceed the range of various detection instruments. Extra caution must be taken when using gas pressurization.

*The valve design of the instrument is manual operation. Please pre design the test process according to the test steps. Any valve operation error may lead to the failure of the entire test.

*When operating the system at high temperatures, insulated gloves must be worn to prevent burns.

5、 Installation

All instruments have been installed and tested before leaving the factory. For the convenience of packaging and transportation, the instrument is divided into different parts for packaging. Please carefully refer to the flowchart during installation.

The installation work can also be jointly completed by the factory's technical personnel and the user, so that the user can further familiarize themselves with the instrument and facilitate daily maintenance in the future.